• Antibiotic Use in Companion Animal Veterinary Practice
  • Fact sheet describing antibiotic use within companion animals for veterinary staff.
• Antibiotics and Your Pets: What You Should Know
  • Fact sheet describing antibiotic use within companion animals for pet owners.
• CDC: Antibiotic Resistance in Pets and People
  • Fact sheet describing antibiotic resistance in companion animals from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
• Antibiotic Use In Horses: Changing Expectations
  • Fact sheet describing equine antibiotic use.
• The Truth About: Meat and Antibiotics
  • Fact sheet describing how antibiotics are used in animal medicine and how meat sold in stores is safe to eat.
• The Truth About: Milk and Antibiotics
  • Fact sheet describing how antibiotics are used in animal medicine and how milk sold in stores is safe to drink.
• Antibiotics and the Environment: What You Should Know
  • Fact sheet describing how antibiotics end up in our environment and how we should properly dispose of unused medications from both people and animals.
• Antibiotic Use and Antibiotic Resistance: Answers for Patients
  • Fact sheet describing antibiotic resistance and antibiotic use in human healthcare.
• Antibiotic Resistance: A Public Health Threat
  • Fact sheet describing antibiotic resistance and its relevance across One Health.
• CDC: Frequently Asked Questions about Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) for Veterinarians
  • Learn about CRE and its impact on public health, companion animals, and the role veterinarians have on combatting these emerging infections.

• Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Antimicrobial Use and Resistance
  • Answers to frequently asked questions about antimicrobial use and resistance. 
• Minnesota One Health Antibiotic Stewardship Collaborative
  • Minnesota One Health Antibiotic Stewardship Collaborative (MOHASC) provides a collaborative environment to promote judicious antibiotic use and stewardship and to reduce the impact of antibiotic-resistant pathogens of human, animal, and environmental health importance. 
  • Read more about MOHASC in this perspective published in Open Forum Infectious Diseases.
• CIDRAP-ASP
  • Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy (CIDRAP) Antimicrobial Stewardship Project (ASP) provides information and resources on antimicrobial stewardship.
• CDC Urgent Threats Report
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Antibiotic Resistance Threats in the United States 2019 includes the latest national death and infection estimates that underscore the continued threat of antibiotic resistance in the U.S.
• ISCAID
  • International Society for Companion Animal Infectious Diseases (ISCAID) is dedicated to improving the care of pets with infectious diseases and controlling the spread of these diseases. ISCAID wrote antimicrobial use guidelines for canine and feline urinary and respiratory tract diseases and canine bacterial folliculitis.
• FDA: Antimicrobial Resistance Information
  • Description of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) roles and activities related to antimicrobial use and resistance.
• Antibiotics Only When Needed (O.W.N.)
  • Health professionals and partner organizations have an important role to play in combating antibiotic resistance. Include O.W.N. graphics on your website, resources, social media messages, and more. ​​​​​​

• AVMA: Antimicrobial Stewardship Definition and Core Principles
  • The American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) published core elements to advance antimicrobial stewardship in veterinary settings.
• FDA: Supporting Antimicrobial Stewardship in Veterinary Settings
  • Five-year strategic plan for the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for combating antimicrobial resistance in the veterinary setting.
• FDA CVM: Antimicrobial Resistance Information
  • Description of FDA's Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM) roles and activities related to antimicrobial use and resistance.
• AVMA: Antimicrobial Resistant Pathogens Affecting Animal Health in the United States

• The American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) published a report that includes actionable information about what veterinarians, producers, breeders, and those seeking medical care for their animals can do to combat antimicrobial resistance. The full report can be viewed here.
• 2022 AAFP/AAHA Antimicrobial Stewardship Guidelines
  • "The Antimicrobial Stewardship Guidelines in companion animals are designed to aid practicing veterinarians in choosing appropriate antimicrobial therapy to best serve their patients and minimize the development of antimicrobial resistance and other adverse effects. The Guidelines presented below were developed by an expert task force and provide a recommended framework for judicious antimicrobial use in companion animals."

• A quarterly survey of antibiotic prescribing in small animal and equine practices—Minnesota and North Dakota, 2020

• In 2020, 19 small animal and equine clinics in Minnesota and North Dakota participated in a point-prevalence survey of antibiotic use. Medical record data were collected on a single day per quarter for 1 year, totaling 1,899 veterinarian consults of dogs, cats, and horses. "Overall, 25.8% of all canine, feline, and equine consults involved an antibiotic prescription. Third-generation cephalosporins were the most commonly prescribed systemic antibiotic drug class, and the long-acting injectable drug, cefovecin, was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic for cats (34.5%)."
• Read the article online at Zoonoses and Public Health.
• University of Minnesota: National Point-Prevalence Survey of Antibiotic Use in 14 Veterinary Teaching Hospitals
  • In 2020, the University of Minnesota conducted a national antibiotic use point-prevalence survey in 14 U.S. veterinary teaching hospitals. The goal of this study was to get a national estimate of antibiotic use in dogs and cats.
  • Learn about the results in this one-page infographic.
• SAVSNET: Peer Reviewed and Scientific Publications
  • Articles that demonstrate how animal surveillance data can be used to improve antimicrobial use, describe disease patterns, and more from the Small Animal Veterinary Surveillance Network (SAVSNET) at the University of Liverpool.
• University of Minnesota: Point-Prevalence Survey of Antibiotic Use in a Veterinary Teaching Hospital
  • Data presented at the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine 2019 conference describing antibiotic use at a small animal teaching hospital and identifying areas for antibiotic stewardship intervention.
• Banfield Pet Hospital: A Feline Focus on Antimicrobial Usage (2018)
  • This report describes usage patterns for antimicrobial treatment of feline respiratory tract and lower urinary tract infections, and results from a survey of Banfield veterinarians examining the factors that influence antimicrobial treatment decisions for feline patients
• Banfield Pet Hospital: Antimicrobial Usage Patterns Among Companion Animal Veterinarians (2017)
  • This report describes usage patterns for antimicrobial treatment of various canine diseases.
• Animal Pathogen Antimicrobial Resistance Data
  • FDA Vet-LIRN and USDA NAHLN AMR pilot projects - monitoring antimicrobial resistance in animal pathogens isolated by veterinary clinics and diagnostic laboratories across the U.S.

• A Stepwise Guide to Antimicrobial Stewardship in Small Animal Practice
  • By the end of this 1-hour webinar, participants will 1) understand the significance of antimicrobial resistance in small animals and its impact on public health, 2) discover simple antimicrobial stewardship actions that can be taken in small animal practices and how they related to the AVMA Core Principles, and 3) determine which actions can be prioritized for antimicrobial stewardship initiatives in their own clinical setting.
  • The course has been approved by the American Association of Veterinary State Boards' Registry of Approved Continuing Education (RACE®) for 1 continuing education credit. The cost is $20.
  • Register here: https://learning.umn.edu/search/publicCourseSearchDetails.do?method=load&courseId=33071140
• Antibiotic Stewardship in Veterinary Medicine Webinar Series
  • Hosted by Minnesota One Health Antibiotic Stewardship Collaborative and Minnesota Veterinary Medical Association. Archived webinars covering topics in small animal, equine, and food animal antibiotic stewardship.
• Antimicrobial Resistance Learning Site (AMRLS)
  • These open-source teaching modules are designed for integration into existing veterinary school courses regarding pharmacology, microbiology, One Health, and species-specific medicine. Continuing education credit is available for most modules. 
  • The AMRLS can be viewed as an e-book here.
• Veterinary Antimicrobial Stewardship
  • Six self-paced learning modules on the topics of antimicrobial resistance and the important role that veterinarians play as prescribers.
• Improving Antimicrobial Prescribing in Companion Animal Medicine (YouTube) | (Slides)
  • Dr. Jennifer Granick and Emma Leof present ways to improve antimicrobial prescribing in companion animal medicine during a webinar hosted by CIDRAP-ASP. 
• VetVine: Antimicrobial Stewardship Made Practical for Practitioners
  • Understand the significance of antimicrobial resistance both as a one health issue and specifically for companion animals, understand basic concepts of antimicrobial stewardship, and determine which of the simple actions presented you can take as the first small step towards improving antimicrobial stewardship in practice in a 50-minute course presented by ARSI co-Director Dr. Jennifer Granick.
  • This course has been approved for 1 hour of CE credit ($50).

• CAVSNET featured in VIN News
  • Learn about progress made in the Companion Animal Veterinary Surveillance Network, published in VIN News.
• Iowa PBS Market to Market
  • Dr. Jennifer Granick discusses antimicrobial use and resistance in companion animals on Iowa PBS Market to Market.
  • MOHASC perspective serves as blueprint for other jurisdictions to implement One Health antibiotic stewardship
    • Minnesota One Health Antibiotic Stewardship Collaborative (MOHASC) has a mission of providing a collaborative environment to promote judicious antibiotic use and antibiotic stewardship and to reduce the impact of antibiotic-resistant pathogens of human, animal, and environmental health importance. 
    • This perspective, published in Open Forum Infectious Diseases, serves as a blueprint for other jurisdictions and advocates for use of this reproducible One Health strategy to facilitate broad stewardship goals.
• CAVSNET highlighted in Veterinary Practice News
  • This article discusses CAVSNET's first priorities of looking at antibiotic use in companion animals, with plans to expand research priorities to many infections.
  • Read the article online at Veterinary Practice News.
• Antibiotic use and diarrhea in our pets
  • Dr. Jennifer Granick outlines why antibiotics are not typically warranted in acute diarrhea cases during an AVMA talk, which was featured in AVMA News.
• A quarterly survey of antibiotic prescribing in small animal and equine practices—Minnesota and North Dakota, 2020
  • In 2020, 19 small animal and equine clinics in Minnesota and North Dakota participated in a point-prevalence survey of antibiotic use. Medical record data were collected on a single day per quarter for 1 year, totaling 1,899 veterinarian consults of dogs, cats, and horses. "Overall, 25.8% of all canine, feline, and equine consults involved an antibiotic prescription. Third-generation cephalosporins were the most commonly prescribed systemic antibiotic drug class, and the long-acting injectable drug, cefovecin, was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic for cats (34.5%)."
  • Read the article online at Zoonoses and Public Health.
• Enrollment open for veterinary teaching hospital point-prevalence survey highlighted in VIN News
  • U.S. and Canadian small animal veterinary teaching hospitals are eligible to participate in a research project to estimate antibiotic use in dogs and cats. Enrollment for the point-prevalence survey is open until August 2022. Email cavsnet@umn.edu to inquire about participation.
  • Read the VIN News article online.
• Banfield Pet Hospital discusses partnership with CAVSNET
  • Banfield Pet Hospital is working with the Companion Animal Veterinary Surveillance Network (CAVSNET), a comprehensive electronic disease surveillance system, to advance understanding of antibiotic use in our pets.
  • "Banfield is contributing to this effort with ongoing data-sharing around our antimicrobial usage and prescribing practices. All data shared is anonymized, in compliance with Mars data privacy standards." 
  • Read the full article on the Banfield Pet Hospital Exchange or LinkedIn.
• Responsible antimicrobial use in critically ill adult horses
  • This review article "aims to provide practical guidelines for antimicrobial drug usage in critically ill adult horses by describing ancillary diagnostic aids that can help establishing whether or not an infection is present, discussing commonly encountered pathogens and their typical antimicrobial drug sensitivity patterns, and providing some guidance how to safely shorten the duration of antimicrobial therapy."
• ARSI research describes antibiotic use in a small animal teaching hospital
  • The ARSI team collected data on one day each month in order to estimate antibiotic use prevalence in a small animal veterinary teaching hospital and characterize usage by indication and evidence of infection. 
  • This research was published in the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine and is entitled Serial Point-Prevalence Surveys to Estimate Antibiotic Use in a Small Animal Veterinary Teaching Hospital, November 2018 to October 2019.
• CAVSNET highlighted in the Scientist
  • The Companion Animal Veterinary Surveillance Network (CAVSNET), a comprehensive electronic disease surveillance system, was featured in an article by Anthony King at The Scientist.
• ARSI research highlighted in VIN News and JAVMA
  • The ARSI team discusses an upcoming study to estimate the prevalence of antibiotic use in dogs and cats with Lisa Wogen at VIN News and Greg Cima at JAVMA.
  • Enrollment for the point-prevalence survey is open until August 2021. Email cavsnet@umn.edu to inquire about participation.
• Antimicrobial stewardship handbook featured in DVM360
  • The Handbook of Antimicrobial Stewardship in Companion Animal Veterinary Settings was recently featured in DVM360. 
  • The Handbook is a first-of-its-kind guide to implementing the Core Principles of Antimicrobial Stewardship and is free to download.
• Special issue: Antimicrobial use data collection and reporting
  • Released during the 2020 U.S. Antibiotic Awareness Week, a group of U.S. food animal industries collaborated with academics and the FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine to collect farm-level antimicrobial use data in animal agriculture. 
  • The Special Issue discusses pilot systems for collecting and analyzing antimicrobial use data from U.S. beef feedlot, dairy, swine, turkey and chicken production settings and is available as open access in Zoonoses and Public Health.
• ARSI and CAVSNET co-director discusses research to improve companion animal health
  • ARSI and CAVSNET co-director, Dr. Jennifer Granick, discusses two research projects at the College of Veterinary Medicine aimed at combating antimicrobial resistance in domesticated dogs, cats, and horses.
  • Dr. Granick discusses new antibiotic stewardship resources for veterinarians and pet owners and CAVSNET, an electronic disease monitoring surveillance system.
  • Read the article featured in the Profiles Spring 2020 Issue.
• University of Liverpool highlights new initiative within UMN College of Veterinary Medicine.
  • ARSI co-directors, Drs. Jennifer Granick and Amanda Beaudoin, and epidemiologist, Emma Leof Bollig, are working with the University of Liverpool to establish the Companion Animal Veterinary Surveillance Network (CAVSNET). 
  • CAVSNET is modeled after, and in partnership with, the Small Animal Veterinary Surveillance Network (SAVSNET), based at the University of Liverpool.
  • Emma spent two weeks in January 2020 with the SAVSNET team learning first-hand how SAVSNET is managed and used for veterinary research.
  • Read the article on the SAVSNET website.
• ARSI co-director interviewed on ways to improve canine health
  • Dr. Jennifer Granick, co-director of the Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship Initiative, describes ways to help your dog stay healthy and happy.
  • Tips include preventative care and vaccinations, scheduling routine veterinary visits, making diet decisions with your veterinarian, and respecting your dog's microbiome.
  • Read the full article at This Dog's Life.
• Poultry report indicates significant shift in antibiotic use
  • A national report found significant reductions in the use of most medically important antibiotics in broiler chicken and turkey production.
  • Key findings in the report include:
    • The percentage of broiler chicks that received hatchery antibiotics declined from 93% in 2013 to just 17% in 2017. Meanwhile, turkey poults that received hatchery antibiotics declined from 96% in 2013 to 41% in 2017.
    • Tetracycline use in the feed of broiler chickens dropped by 95% from 2013 to 2017, and decreased by 67% over the same period in turkeys.
    • The use of ceftiofur, a third-generation cephalosporin, dropped to zero in turkey poults in 2017.
  • Download the full report at Mindwalk Consulting Group.

If you would like your publication featured, contact the Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship Initiative team at cavsnet@umn.edu.